Electric furnace steelmaking
Electric furnace steelmaking process and operation steps
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Preparation
– Ensure that the melting furnace, power supply equipment, electrodes and cooling equipment are complete.
– Clean the inside of the furnace and remove residues.
– Prepare the charge, including scrap steel, alloys, etc.
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Entering the furnace and heating
– Preheat the steelmaking furnace to a suitable temperature.
– Gradually add the charge to the furnace and maintain good ventilation.
– Use a dust collector to collect dust and reduce environmental pollution.
– Turn on the power, form an arc, and use the arc to heat the charge.
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Charge
– Add scrap steel and alloys and other smelting materials according to the requirements of the content of various elements.
– Heat the charge until it is completely melted and maintain a constant temperature through the arc in the furnace.
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Stirring and insulation
– Use a stirring device (manipulator, air gun, etc.) to stir the charge in the furnace to ensure uniform heating.
– Keep insulation at the optimal temperature to increase the reaction rate of alloy and charge.
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Steel and slag
– Add deoxidizer and alloy thinner according to the requirements of the steel grade.
– Add slag according to the formula requirements to help remove impurities and inclusions.
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Alloy adjustment and temperature measurement
– Adjust the smelting conditions according to the temperature measurement results to ensure that the appropriate temperature is reached.
– Add appropriate amount of alloy elements according to the needs of the steel grade to ensure that the alloy composition meets the technical requirements.
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Steel tapping
– Open the steel tapping port and pour out the refined molten steel smoothly.
– Carry out insulation and repair work on the steelmaking furnace as needed.
– Adjust and reprocess the poured molten steel to meet user requirements.
– Solidify and crystallize the molten steel to obtain the finished product.
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Subsequent processing
– Take samples for analysis and conduct quality inspection of the molten steel.
– Cast and pour the molten steel into the mold for cooling and solidification.
– Carry out subsequent processing, such as heat treatment, surface treatment, etc., to obtain the final product.